/*
* Jalview - A Sequence Alignment Editor and Viewer ($$Version-Rel$$)
* Copyright (C) $$Year-Rel$$ The Jalview Authors
*
* This file is part of Jalview.
*
* Jalview is free software: you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
* as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3
* of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
*
* Jalview is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
* WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty
* of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with Jalview. If not, see
* Yes, this is platform-specific code, and yes, it may rely on classes on * certain platforms that are not part of the standard JDK. What we're trying to * do, though, is to take something that's frequently desirable but inherently * platform-specific -- opening a default browser -- and allow programmers (you, * for example) to do so without worrying about dropping into native code or * doing anything else similarly evil. *
* Anyway, this code is completely in Java and will run on all JDK 1.1-compliant * systems without modification or a need for additional libraries. All classes * that are required on certain platforms to allow this to run are dynamically * loaded at runtime via reflection and, if not found, will not cause this to do * anything other than returning an error when opening the browser. *
* There are certain system requirements for this class, as it's running through * Runtime.exec(), which is Java's way of making a native system call. * Currently, this requires that a Macintosh have a Finder which supports the * GURL event, which is true for Mac OS 8.0 and 8.1 systems that have the * Internet Scripting AppleScript dictionary installed in the Scripting * Additions folder in the Extensions folder (which is installed by default as * far as I know under Mac OS 8.0 and 8.1), and for all Mac OS 8.5 and later * systems. On Windows, it only runs under Win32 systems (Windows 95, 98, and NT * 4.0, as well as later versions of all). On other systems, this drops back * from the inherently platform-sensitive concept of a default browser and * simply attempts to launch Netscape via a shell command. *
* This code is Copyright 1999-2001 by Eric Albert (ejalbert\@cs.stanford.edu) * and may be redistributed or modified in any form without restrictions as long * as the portion of this comment from this paragraph through the end of the * comment is not removed. The author requests that he be notified of any * application, applet, or other binary that makes use of this code, but that's * more out of curiosity than anything and is not required. This software * includes no warranty. The author is not repsonsible for any loss of data or * functionality or any adverse or unexpected effects of using this software. *
* Credits:
* Steven Spencer, JavaWorld magazine
* (Java
* Tip 66)
* Thanks also to Ron B. Yeh, Eric Shapiro, Ben Engber, Paul Teitlebaum, Andrea
* Cantatore, Larry Barowski, Trevor Bedzek, Frank Miedrich, and Ron Rabakukk
*
* @author Eric Albert (ejalbert@cs.stanford.edu)
* @version 1.4b1 (Released June 20, 2001)
*/
public class BrowserLauncher
{
/**
* The Java virtual machine that we are running on. Actually, in most cases we
* only care about the operating system, but some operating systems require us
* to switch on the VM.
*/
private static int jvm;
/** The browser for the system */
private static Object browser;
/**
* Caches whether any classes, methods, and fields that are not part of the
* JDK and need to be dynamically loaded at runtime loaded successfully.
*
* Note that if this is false
, openURL()
will always
* return an IOException.
*/
private static boolean loadedWithoutErrors;
/** The com.apple.mrj.MRJFileUtils class */
private static Class mrjFileUtilsClass;
/** The com.apple.mrj.MRJOSType class */
private static Class mrjOSTypeClass;
/** The com.apple.MacOS.AEDesc class */
private static Class aeDescClass;
/** The <init>(int) method of com.apple.MacOS.AETarget */
private static Constructor aeTargetConstructor;
/** The <init>(int, int, int) method of com.apple.MacOS.AppleEvent */
private static Constructor appleEventConstructor;
/** The <init>(String) method of com.apple.MacOS.AEDesc */
private static Constructor aeDescConstructor;
/** The findFolder method of com.apple.mrj.MRJFileUtils */
private static Method findFolder;
/** The getFileCreator method of com.apple.mrj.MRJFileUtils */
private static Method getFileCreator;
/** The getFileType method of com.apple.mrj.MRJFileUtils */
private static Method getFileType;
/** The openURL method of com.apple.mrj.MRJFileUtils */
private static Method openURL;
/** The makeOSType method of com.apple.MacOS.OSUtils */
private static Method makeOSType;
/** The putParameter method of com.apple.MacOS.AppleEvent */
private static Method putParameter;
/** The sendNoReply method of com.apple.MacOS.AppleEvent */
private static Method sendNoReply;
/** Actually an MRJOSType pointing to the System Folder on a Macintosh */
private static Object kSystemFolderType;
/** The keyDirectObject AppleEvent parameter type */
private static Integer keyDirectObject;
/** The kAutoGenerateReturnID AppleEvent code */
private static Integer kAutoGenerateReturnID;
/** The kAnyTransactionID AppleEvent code */
private static Integer kAnyTransactionID;
/** The linkage object required for JDirect 3 on Mac OS X. */
private static Object linkage;
/** The framework to reference on Mac OS X */
private static final String JDirect_MacOSX = "/System/Library/Frameworks/Carbon.framework/Frameworks/HIToolbox.framework/HIToolbox";
/** JVM constant for MRJ 2.0 */
private static final int MRJ_2_0 = 0;
/** JVM constant for MRJ 2.1 or later */
private static final int MRJ_2_1 = 1;
/** JVM constant for Java on Mac OS X 10.0 (MRJ 3.0) */
private static final int MRJ_3_0 = 3;
/** JVM constant for MRJ 3.1 */
private static final int MRJ_3_1 = 4;
/** JVM constant for any Windows NT JVM */
private static final int WINDOWS_NT = 5;
/** JVM constant for any Windows 9x JVM */
private static final int WINDOWS_9x = 6;
/** JVM constant for any other platform */
private static final int OTHER = -1;
/**
* The file type of the Finder on a Macintosh. Hardcoding "Finder" would keep
* non-U.S. English systems from working properly.
*/
private static final String FINDER_TYPE = "FNDR";
/**
* The creator code of the Finder on a Macintosh, which is needed to send
* AppleEvents to the application.
*/
private static final String FINDER_CREATOR = "MACS";
/** The name for the AppleEvent type corresponding to a GetURL event. */
private static final String GURL_EVENT = "GURL";
/**
* The first parameter that needs to be passed into Runtime.exec() to open the
* default web browser on Windows.
*/
private static final String FIRST_WINDOWS_PARAMETER = "/c";
/** The second parameter for Runtime.exec() on Windows. */
private static final String SECOND_WINDOWS_PARAMETER = "start";
/**
* The third parameter for Runtime.exec() on Windows. This is a "title"
* parameter that the command line expects. Setting this parameter allows URLs
* containing spaces to work.
*/
private static final String THIRD_WINDOWS_PARAMETER = "\"\"";
/**
* The shell parameters for Netscape that opens a given URL in an already-open
* copy of Netscape on many command-line systems.
*/
private static final String NETSCAPE_REMOTE_PARAMETER = "-remote";
private static final String NETSCAPE_OPEN_PARAMETER_START = "openURL(";
private static final String NETSCAPE_OPEN_NEW_WINDOW = ", new-window";
private static final String NETSCAPE_OPEN_PARAMETER_END = ")";
/**
* The message from any exception thrown throughout the initialization
* process.
*/
private static String errorMessage;
/**
* An initialization block that determines the operating system and loads the
* necessary runtime data.
*/
static
{
loadedWithoutErrors = true;
if (!Platform.isJS())
/**
* Java only
*
* @j2sIgnore
*
*/
{
String osName = System.getProperty("os.name");
if (osName.startsWith("Mac OS"))
{
String mrjVersion = System.getProperty("mrj.version");
String majorMRJVersion;
if (mrjVersion == null)
{
// must be on some later build with mrj support
majorMRJVersion = "3.1";
}
else
{
majorMRJVersion = mrjVersion.substring(0, 3);
}
try
{
double version = Double.valueOf(majorMRJVersion).doubleValue();
if (version == 2)
{
jvm = MRJ_2_0;
}
else if ((version >= 2.1) && (version < 3))
{
// Assume that all 2.x versions of MRJ work the same. MRJ 2.1 actually
// works via Runtime.exec() and 2.2 supports that but has an openURL()
// method
// as well that we currently ignore.
jvm = MRJ_2_1;
}
else if (version == 3.0)
{
jvm = MRJ_3_0;
}
else if (version >= 3.1)
{
// Assume that all 3.1 and later versions of MRJ work the same.
jvm = MRJ_3_1;
}
else
{
loadedWithoutErrors = false;
errorMessage = "Unsupported MRJ version: " + version;
}
} catch (NumberFormatException nfe)
{
loadedWithoutErrors = false;
errorMessage = "Invalid MRJ version: " + mrjVersion;
}
}
else if (osName.startsWith("Windows"))
{
if (osName.indexOf("9") != -1)
{
jvm = WINDOWS_9x;
}
else
{
jvm = WINDOWS_NT;
}
}
else
{
jvm = OTHER;
}
if (loadedWithoutErrors)
{ // if we haven't hit any errors yet
loadedWithoutErrors = loadClasses();
}
}
}
/**
* This class should be never be instantiated; this just ensures so.
*/
private BrowserLauncher()
{
}
/**
* Called by a static initializer to load any classes, fields, and methods
* required at runtime to locate the user's web browser.
*
* @return true
if all intialization succeeded false
* if any portion of the initialization failed
*/
private static boolean loadClasses()
{
if (!Platform.isJS())
/**
* Java only
*
* @j2sIgnore
*
*/
{
switch (jvm)
{
case MRJ_2_0:
try
{
Class aeTargetClass = Class.forName("com.apple.MacOS.AETarget");
Class osUtilsClass = Class.forName("com.apple.MacOS.OSUtils");
Class appleEventClass = Class.forName("com.apple.MacOS.AppleEvent");
Class aeClass = Class.forName("com.apple.MacOS.ae");
aeDescClass = Class.forName("com.apple.MacOS.AEDesc");
aeTargetConstructor = aeTargetClass
.getDeclaredConstructor(new Class[]
{ int.class });
appleEventConstructor = appleEventClass
.getDeclaredConstructor(new Class[]
{ int.class, int.class, aeTargetClass, int.class,
int.class });
aeDescConstructor = aeDescClass
.getDeclaredConstructor(new Class[]
{ String.class });
makeOSType = osUtilsClass.getDeclaredMethod("makeOSType",
new Class[]
{ String.class });
putParameter = appleEventClass.getDeclaredMethod("putParameter",
new Class[]
{ int.class, aeDescClass });
sendNoReply = appleEventClass.getDeclaredMethod("sendNoReply",
new Class[] {});
Field keyDirectObjectField = aeClass
.getDeclaredField("keyDirectObject");
keyDirectObject = (Integer) keyDirectObjectField.get(null);
Field autoGenerateReturnIDField = appleEventClass
.getDeclaredField("kAutoGenerateReturnID");
kAutoGenerateReturnID = (Integer) autoGenerateReturnIDField
.get(null);
Field anyTransactionIDField = appleEventClass
.getDeclaredField("kAnyTransactionID");
kAnyTransactionID = (Integer) anyTransactionIDField.get(null);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException cnfe)
{
errorMessage = cnfe.getMessage();
return false;
} catch (NoSuchMethodException nsme)
{
errorMessage = nsme.getMessage();
return false;
} catch (NoSuchFieldException nsfe)
{
errorMessage = nsfe.getMessage();
return false;
} catch (IllegalAccessException iae)
{
errorMessage = iae.getMessage();
return false;
}
break;
case MRJ_2_1:
try
{
mrjFileUtilsClass = Class.forName("com.apple.mrj.MRJFileUtils");
mrjOSTypeClass = Class.forName("com.apple.mrj.MRJOSType");
Field systemFolderField = mrjFileUtilsClass
.getDeclaredField("kSystemFolderType");
kSystemFolderType = systemFolderField.get(null);
findFolder = mrjFileUtilsClass.getDeclaredMethod("findFolder",
new Class[]
{ mrjOSTypeClass });
getFileCreator = mrjFileUtilsClass
.getDeclaredMethod("getFileCreator", new Class[]
{ File.class });
getFileType = mrjFileUtilsClass.getDeclaredMethod("getFileType",
new Class[]
{ File.class });
} catch (ClassNotFoundException cnfe)
{
errorMessage = cnfe.getMessage();
return false;
} catch (NoSuchFieldException nsfe)
{
errorMessage = nsfe.getMessage();
return false;
} catch (NoSuchMethodException nsme)
{
errorMessage = nsme.getMessage();
return false;
} catch (SecurityException se)
{
errorMessage = se.getMessage();
return false;
} catch (IllegalAccessException iae)
{
errorMessage = iae.getMessage();
return false;
}
break;
case MRJ_3_0:
try
{
Class linker = Class.forName("com.apple.mrj.jdirect.Linker");
Constructor constructor = linker
.getConstructor(new Class[]
{ Class.class });
linkage = constructor
.newInstance(new Object[]
{ BrowserLauncher.class });
} catch (ClassNotFoundException cnfe)
{
errorMessage = cnfe.getMessage();
return false;
} catch (NoSuchMethodException nsme)
{
errorMessage = nsme.getMessage();
return false;
} catch (InvocationTargetException ite)
{
errorMessage = ite.getMessage();
return false;
} catch (InstantiationException ie)
{
errorMessage = ie.getMessage();
return false;
} catch (IllegalAccessException iae)
{
errorMessage = iae.getMessage();
return false;
}
break;
case MRJ_3_1:
try
{
mrjFileUtilsClass = Class.forName("com.apple.mrj.MRJFileUtils");
openURL = mrjFileUtilsClass.getDeclaredMethod("openURL",
new Class[]
{ String.class });
} catch (ClassNotFoundException cnfe)
{
errorMessage = cnfe.getMessage();
return false;
} catch (NoSuchMethodException nsme)
{
errorMessage = nsme.getMessage();
return false;
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}
return true;
}
/**
* Attempts to locate the default web browser on the local system. s results
* so it only locates the browser once for each use of this class per JVM
* instance.
*
* @return The browser for the system. Note that this may not be what you
* would consider to be a standard web browser; instead, it's the
* application that gets called to open the default web browser. In
* some cases, this will be a non-String object that provides the
* means of calling the default browser.
*/
private static Object locateBrowser()
{
if (!Platform.isJS())
/**
* Java only
*
* @j2sIgnore
*
*/
{
if (browser != null)
{
return browser;
}
switch (jvm)
{
case MRJ_2_0:
try
{
Integer finderCreatorCode = (Integer) makeOSType.invoke(null,
new Object[]
{ FINDER_CREATOR });
Object aeTarget = aeTargetConstructor
.newInstance(new Object[]
{ finderCreatorCode });
Integer gurlType = (Integer) makeOSType.invoke(null,
new Object[]
{ GURL_EVENT });
Object appleEvent = appleEventConstructor
.newInstance(new Object[]
{ gurlType, gurlType, aeTarget, kAutoGenerateReturnID,
kAnyTransactionID });
// Don't set browser = appleEvent because then the next time we call
// locateBrowser(), we'll get the same AppleEvent, to which we'll
// already have
// added the relevant parameter. Instead, regenerate the AppleEvent
// every time.
// There's probably a way to do this better; if any has any ideas,
// please let
// me know.
return appleEvent;
} catch (IllegalAccessException iae)
{
browser = null;
errorMessage = iae.getMessage();
return browser;
} catch (InstantiationException ie)
{
browser = null;
errorMessage = ie.getMessage();
return browser;
} catch (InvocationTargetException ite)
{
browser = null;
errorMessage = ite.getMessage();
return browser;
}
case MRJ_2_1:
File systemFolder;
try
{
systemFolder = (File) findFolder.invoke(null,
new Object[]
{ kSystemFolderType });
} catch (IllegalArgumentException iare)
{
browser = null;
errorMessage = iare.getMessage();
return browser;
} catch (IllegalAccessException iae)
{
browser = null;
errorMessage = iae.getMessage();
return browser;
} catch (InvocationTargetException ite)
{
browser = null;
errorMessage = ite.getTargetException().getClass() + ": "
+ ite.getTargetException().getMessage();
return browser;
}
String[] systemFolderFiles = systemFolder.list();
// Avoid a FilenameFilter because that can't be stopped mid-list
for (int i = 0; i < systemFolderFiles.length; i++)
{
try
{
File file = new File(systemFolder, systemFolderFiles[i]);
if (!file.isFile())
{
continue;
}
// We're looking for a file with a creator code of 'MACS' and
// a type of 'FNDR'. Only requiring the type results in non-Finder
// applications being picked up on certain Mac OS 9 systems,
// especially German ones, and sending a GURL event to those
// applications results in a logout under Multiple Users.
Object fileType = getFileType.invoke(null, new Object[] { file });
if (FINDER_TYPE.equals(fileType.toString()))
{
Object fileCreator = getFileCreator.invoke(null,
new Object[]
{ file });
if (FINDER_CREATOR.equals(fileCreator.toString()))
{
browser = file.toString(); // Actually the Finder, but that's OK
return browser;
}
}
} catch (IllegalArgumentException iare)
{
errorMessage = iare.getMessage();
return null;
} catch (IllegalAccessException iae)
{
browser = null;
errorMessage = iae.getMessage();
return browser;
} catch (InvocationTargetException ite)
{
browser = null;
errorMessage = ite.getTargetException().getClass() + ": "
+ ite.getTargetException().getMessage();
return browser;
}
}
browser = null;
break;
case MRJ_3_0:
case MRJ_3_1:
browser = ""; // Return something non-null
break;
case WINDOWS_NT:
browser = "cmd.exe";
break;
case WINDOWS_9x:
browser = "command.com";
break;
case OTHER:
default:
browser = jalview.bin.Cache.getDefault("DEFAULT_BROWSER", "firefox");
break;
}
}
return browser;
}
/**
* used to ensure that browser is up-to-date after a configuration change
* (Unix DEFAULT_BROWSER property change).
*/
public static void resetBrowser()
{
browser = null;
}
/**
* Attempts to open the default web browser to the given URL.
*
* @param url
* The URL to open
* @throws IOException
* If the web browser could not be located or does not run
*/
public static void openURL(String url) throws IOException
{
if (Platform.isJS())
{
Platform.openURL(url);
return;
}
else
/**
* Java only
*
* @j2sIgnore
*/
{
if (!loadedWithoutErrors)
{
throw new IOException(MessageManager
.formatMessage("exception.browser_not_found", new String[]
{ errorMessage }));
}
Object browser = locateBrowser();
if (browser == null)
{
throw new IOException(MessageManager.formatMessage(
"exception.browser_unable_to_locate", new String[]
{ errorMessage }));
}
switch (jvm)
{
case MRJ_2_0:
Object aeDesc = null;
try
{
aeDesc = aeDescConstructor.newInstance(new Object[] { url });
putParameter.invoke(browser,
new Object[]
{ keyDirectObject, aeDesc });
sendNoReply.invoke(browser, new Object[] {});
} catch (InvocationTargetException ite)
{
throw new IOException(MessageManager.formatMessage(
"exception.invocation_target_exception_creating_aedesc",
new String[]
{ ite.getMessage() }));
} catch (IllegalAccessException iae)
{
throw new IOException(MessageManager.formatMessage(
"exception.illegal_access_building_apple_evt", new String[]
{ iae.getMessage() }));
} catch (InstantiationException ie)
{
throw new IOException(MessageManager.formatMessage(
"exception.illegal_access_building_apple_evt", new String[]
{ ie.getMessage() }));
} finally
{
aeDesc = null; // Encourage it to get disposed if it was created
browser = null; // Ditto
}
break;
case MRJ_2_1:
Runtime.getRuntime().exec(new String[] { (String) browser, url });
break;
case MRJ_3_0:
int[] instance = new int[1];
int result = ICStart(instance, 0);
if (result == 0)
{
int[] selectionStart = new int[] { 0 };
byte[] urlBytes = url.getBytes();
int[] selectionEnd = new int[] { urlBytes.length };
result = ICLaunchURL(instance[0], new byte[] { 0 }, urlBytes,
urlBytes.length, selectionStart, selectionEnd);
if (result == 0)
{
// Ignore the return value; the URL was launched successfully
// regardless of what happens here.
ICStop(instance);
}
else
{
throw new IOException(MessageManager.formatMessage(
"exception.unable_to_launch_url", new String[]
{ Integer.valueOf(result).toString() }));
}
}
else
{
throw new IOException(MessageManager.formatMessage(
"exception.unable_to_create_internet_config", new String[]
{ Integer.valueOf(result).toString() }));
}
break;
case MRJ_3_1:
try
{
openURL.invoke(null, new Object[] { url });
} catch (InvocationTargetException ite)
{
throw new IOException(MessageManager.formatMessage(
"exception.invocation_target_calling_url", new String[]
{ ite.getMessage() }));
} catch (IllegalAccessException iae)
{
throw new IOException(MessageManager.formatMessage(
"exception.illegal_access_calling_url", new String[]
{ iae.getMessage() }));
}
break;
case WINDOWS_NT:
case WINDOWS_9x:
// Add quotes around the URL to allow ampersands and other special
// characters to work.
Process process = Runtime.getRuntime()
.exec(new String[]
{ (String) browser, FIRST_WINDOWS_PARAMETER,
SECOND_WINDOWS_PARAMETER, THIRD_WINDOWS_PARAMETER,
'"' + url + '"' });
// This avoids a memory leak on some versions of Java on Windows.
// That's hinted at in
//