X-Git-Url: http://source.jalview.org/gitweb/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=src%2Fjalview%2Fdatamodel%2FCigarBase.java;h=37024926161b23fd6e9c4de83c03d3897ae96ded;hb=a8f483d04205bb8273ee311c12968b7e86d205fa;hp=d44d5993a881a4f546eaa3ac356dc76e2abcd8c2;hpb=7bc226b58110fa26d9dbd3f0c78095d06909ffc3;p=jalview.git

diff --git a/src/jalview/datamodel/CigarBase.java b/src/jalview/datamodel/CigarBase.java
index d44d599..3702492 100644
--- a/src/jalview/datamodel/CigarBase.java
+++ b/src/jalview/datamodel/CigarBase.java
@@ -1,706 +1,647 @@
-/*
- * Jalview - A Sequence Alignment Editor and Viewer
- * Copyright (C) 2007 AM Waterhouse, J Procter, G Barton, M Clamp, S Searle
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
- * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA
- */
-package jalview.datamodel;
-
-import java.util.*;
-
-public abstract class CigarBase
-{
-  /**
-   * Base class for compact idiosyncratic representation of gaps and aligned residues
-   * Regards to Tom Oldfield for his DynamicArray class.
-   * 17th July 2006
-   * Not thread safe.
-   */
-  public CigarBase()
-  {
-    // nothing to be done (probably)
-  }
-
-  protected int length = 0;
-  protected int _inc_length = 10; // extension range for addition of new operations
-  protected char[] operation = null;
-  protected int[] range = null;
-  /**
-   * Range of Hidden residues in seq (translated as deleted in seq)
-   */
-  public static final char D = 'D'; /**
-  * Range of insertions to seq
-  */
- public static final char I = 'I'; /**
-  * Range of aligned residues
-  */
- public static final char M = 'M';
-  static protected final char _case_shift = 'a' - 'A';
-  /**
-   * Ugly function to get edited sequence string, start and end symbol positions and the deletion regions as an array of int pairs
-   * May return null for an empty cigar string.
-   * May return null for deletion ranges if there are none.
-   * @param reference - the symbol sequence to apply the cigar operations to (or null if no sequence)
-   * @param GapChar - the symbol to use for Insert operations
-   * @return Object[] { String, int[] {start, startcol, end, endcol}, int[][3] {start, end, col} or null} the gapped sequence, first and last residue index, and the deletion ranges on the reference sequence
-   */
-  public Object[] getSequenceAndDeletions(String reference, char GapChar)
-  {
-    int rlength = 0;
-    int[][] deletions = new int[length][];
-    int[][] trunc_deletions = null;
-    StringBuffer sq = new StringBuffer();
-    int cursor = 0, alcursor = 0, start = 0, startpos = 0, end = 0, endpos = 0,
-        delcount = -1;
-    boolean consecutive_del = false;
-    if (length == 0)
-    {
-      return null;
-    }
-    if (reference != null)
-    {
-      rlength = reference.length();
-    }
-    boolean modstart = true;
-    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
-    {
-      switch (operation[i])
-      {
-        case D:
-          if (!consecutive_del)
-          {
-            deletions[++delcount] = new int[]
-                {
-                cursor, 0, alcursor};
-          }
-          cursor += range[i];
-          deletions[delcount][1] = cursor - 1;
-          consecutive_del = true;
-          break;
-        case I:
-          consecutive_del = false;
-          for (int r = 0; r < range[i]; r++)
-          {
-            sq.append(GapChar);
-            alcursor++;
-          }
-          break;
-        case M:
-          consecutive_del = false;
-          if (modstart)
-          {
-            start = cursor;
-            startpos = alcursor;
-            modstart = false;
-          }
-          if (reference != null)
-          {
-            int sbend = cursor + range[i];
-            if (sbend > rlength)
-            {
-              sq.append(reference.substring(cursor, rlength));
-              while (sbend-- >= rlength)
-              {
-                sq.append(GapChar);
-              }
-            }
-            else
-            {
-              sq.append(reference.substring(cursor, sbend));
-            }
-          }
-          alcursor += range[i];
-          cursor += range[i];
-          end = cursor - 1;
-          endpos = alcursor;
-          break;
-        default:
-          throw new Error("Unknown SeqCigar operation '" + operation[i] + "'");
-      }
-    }
-    if (++delcount > 0)
-    {
-      trunc_deletions = new int[delcount][];
-      System.arraycopy(deletions, 0, trunc_deletions, 0, delcount);
-    }
-    deletions = null;
-    return new Object[]
-        {
-        ( (reference != null) ? sq.toString() : null),
-        new int[]
-        {
-        start, startpos, end, endpos}, trunc_deletions};
-  }
-
-  protected void compact_operations()
-  {
-    int i = 1;
-    if (operation == null)
-    {
-      return;
-    }
-    char last = operation[0];
-    while (i < length)
-    {
-      if (last == operation[i])
-      {
-        range[i - 1] += range[i];
-        int r = length - i;
-        if (r > 0)
-        {
-          System.arraycopy(range, i + 1, range, i, r);
-          System.arraycopy(operation, i + 1, operation, i, r);
-        }
-        length--;
-      }
-      else
-      {
-        last = operation[i++];
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * turn a cigar string into a series of operation range pairs
-   * @param cigarString String
-   * @return object[] {char[] operation, int[] range}
-   * @throws java.lang.Exception for improperly formated cigar strings or ones with unknown operations
-   */
-  public static Object[] parseCigarString(String cigarString)
-      throws Exception
-  {
-    int ops = 0;
-    for (int i = 0, l = cigarString.length(); i < l; i++)
-    {
-      char c = cigarString.charAt(i);
-      if (c == M || c == (M - _case_shift) || c == I || c == (I - _case_shift) ||
-          c == D || c == (D - _case_shift))
-      {
-        ops++;
-      }
-    }
-    char[] operation = new char[ops];
-    int[] range = new int[ops];
-    int op = 0;
-    int i = 0, l = cigarString.length();
-    while (i < l)
-    {
-      char c;
-      int j = i;
-      do
-      {
-        c = cigarString.charAt(j++);
-      }
-      while (c >= '0' && c <= '9' && j < l);
-      if (j >= l && c >= '0' && c <= '9')
-      {
-        throw new Exception("Unterminated cigar string.");
-      }
-      try
-      {
-        String rangeint = cigarString.substring(i, j - 1);
-        range[op] = Integer.parseInt(rangeint);
-        i = j;
-      }
-      catch (Exception e)
-      {
-        throw new Error("Implementation bug in parseCigarString");
-      }
-      if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z')
-      {
-        c -= _case_shift;
-      }
-      if ( (c == M || c == I || c == D))
-      {
-        operation[op++] = c;
-      }
-      else
-      {
-        throw new Exception("Unexpected operation '" + c +
-                            "' in cigar string (position " + i + " in '" +
-                            cigarString + "'");
-      }
-    }
-    return new Object[]
-        {
-        operation, range};
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * add an operation to cigar string
-   * @param op char
-   * @param range int
-   */
-  public void addOperation(char op, int range)
-  {
-    if (op >= 'a' && op <= 'z')
-    {
-      op -= _case_shift;
-    }
-    if (op != M && op != D && op != I)
-    {
-      throw new Error("Implementation error. Invalid operation string.");
-    }
-    if (range <= 0)
-    {
-      throw new Error("Invalid range string (must be non-zero positive number)");
-    }
-    int lngth = 0;
-    if (operation == null)
-    {
-      this.operation = new char[_inc_length];
-      this.range = new int[_inc_length];
-    }
-    if (length + 1 == operation.length)
-    {
-      char[] ops = this.operation;
-      this.operation = new char[length + 1 + _inc_length];
-      System.arraycopy(ops, 0, this.operation, 0, length);
-      ops = null;
-      int[] rng = this.range;
-      this.range = new int[length + 1 + _inc_length];
-      System.arraycopy(rng, 0, this.range, 0, length);
-      rng = null;
-    }
-    if ( (length > 0) && (operation[length - 1] == op))
-    {
-      length--; // modify existing operation.
-    }
-    else
-    {
-      this.range[length] = 0; // reset range
-    }
-    this.operation[length] = op;
-    this.range[length++] += range;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * semi-efficient insert an operation on the current cigar string set at column pos (from 1)
-   * NOTE: Insertion operations simply extend width of cigar result - affecting registration of alignment
-   * Deletion ops will shorten length of result - and affect registration of alignment
-   * Match ops will also affect length of result - affecting registration of alignment
-   * (ie "10M".insert(4,I,3)->"4M3I3M") - (replace?)
-   * (ie "10M".insert(4,D,3)->"4M3D3M") - (shortens alignment)
-   * (ie "5I5M".insert(4,I,3)->"8I5M") - real insertion
-   * (ie "5I5M".insert(4,D,3)->"4I2D3M") - shortens aligment - I's are removed, Ms changed to Ds
-   * (ie "10M".insert(4,M,3)->"13M")  - lengthens - Is changed to M, Ds changed to M.
-   * (ie "5I5M".insert(4,M,3)->"4I8M") - effectively shifts sequence left by 1 residue and extends it by 3
-   * ( "10D5M".insert(-1,M,3)->"3M7D5M")
-   * ( "10D5M".insert(0,M,3)->"7D8M")
-   * ( "10D5M".insert(1,M,3)->"10D8M")
-   *
-   * ( "1M10D5M".insert(0,M,3)->"1M10D8M")
-   * ( "1M10D5M".insert(1,M,3)->"
-   *
-   * if pos is beyond width - I operations are added before the operation
-   * @param pos int -1, 0-length of visible region, or greater to append new ops (with insertions in between)
-   * @param op char
-   * @param range int
-     public void addOperationAt(int pos, char op, int range)
-     {
-   int cursor = -1; // mark the position for the current operation being edited.
-    int o = 0;
-    boolean last_d = false; // previous op was a deletion.
-    if (pos < -1)
-      throw new Error("pos<-1 is not supported.");
-    while (o<length) {
-      if (operation[o] != D)
-      {
-        if ( (cursor + this.range[o]) < pos)
-        {
-          cursor += this.range[o];
-          o++;
-          last_d=false;
-        }
-        else
-        {
-          break;
-        }
-      }
-      else {
-        last_d=true;
-        o++;
-      }
-    }
-    if (o==length) {
-      // must insert more operations before pos
-      if (pos-cursor>0)
-        addInsertion(pos-cursor);
-      // then just add the new operation. Regardless of what it is.
-      addOperation(op, range);
-    } else {
-      int diff = pos - cursor;
-
-      int e_length = length-o; // new edit operation array length.
-      // diff<0 - can only happen before first insertion or match. - affects op and all following
-      // dif==0 - only when at first position of existing op -
-      // diff>0 - must preserve some existing operations
-      int[] e_range = new int[e_length];
-      System.arraycopy(this.range, o, e_range, 0, e_length);
-      char[] e_op = new char[e_length];
-      System.arraycopy(this.operation, o, e_op, 0, e_length);
-      length = o; // can now use add_operation to extend list.
-      int e_o=0; // current operation being edited.
-      switch (op) {
-        case M:
-          switch (e_op[e_o])
-          {
-            case M:
-              if (last_d && diff <= 0)
-              {
-                // reduce D's, if possible
-                if (range<=this.range[o-1]) {
-                  this.range[o - 1] -= range;
-                } else {
-                  this.range[o-1]=0;
-                }
-                if (this.range[o-1]==0)
-                  o--; // lose this op.
-              }
-              e_range[e_o] += range; // just add more matched residues
-              break;
-            case I:
-              // change from insertion to match
-              if (last_d && diff<=0)
-              {
-                // reduce D's, if possible
-                if (range<=this.range[o-1]) {
-                  this.range[o - 1] -= range;
-                } else {
-                  this.range[o-1]=0;
-                }
-                if (this.range[o-1]==0)
-                  o--; // lose this op.
-              }
-              e_range[e_o]
-                    break;
-                default:
-                  throw new Inp
-                      }
-
-                      break;
-                case I:
-                  break;
-                case D:
-              }
-          break;
-        default:
-   throw new Error("Implementation Error: Unknown operation in addOperation!");
-      }
-      // finally, add remaining ops.
-      while (e_o<e_length) {
-        addOperation(e_op[e_o], e_range[e_o]);
-        e_o++;
-      }
-    }
-     }
-   **/
-  /**
-   * Mark residues from start to end (inclusive) as deleted from the alignment, and removes any insertions.
-   * @param start int
-   * @param end int
-   * @return deleted int - number of symbols marked as deleted
-   */
-  public int deleteRange(int start, int end)
-  {
-    int deleted = 0;
-    if (length == 0)
-    {
-      // nothing to do here
-      return deleted;
-    }
-    if (start < 0 || start > end)
-    {
-      throw new Error("Implementation Error: deleteRange out of bounds: start must be non-negative and less than end.");
-    }
-    // find beginning
-    int cursor = 0; // mark the position for the current operation being edited.
-    int rlength = 1 + end - start; // number of positions to delete
-    int oldlen = length;
-    int o = 0;
-    boolean editing = false;
-    char[] oldops = operation;
-    int[] oldrange = range;
-    length = 0;
-    operation = null;
-    range = null;
-    compact_operations();
-    while (o < oldlen && cursor <= end && rlength > 0)
-    {
-      if (oldops[o] == D)
-      {
-        // absorbed into new deleted region.
-        addDeleted(oldrange[o++]);
-        continue;
-      }
-
-      int remain = oldrange[o]; // number of op characters left to edit
-      if (!editing)
-      {
-        if ( (cursor + remain) <= start)
-        {
-          addOperation(oldops[o], oldrange[o]);
-          cursor += oldrange[o++];
-          continue; // next operation
-        }
-        editing = true;
-        // add operations before hidden region
-        if (start - cursor > 0)
-        {
-          addOperation(oldops[o], start - cursor);
-          remain -= start - cursor;
-        }
-      }
-      // start inserting new ops
-      if (o < oldlen && editing && rlength > 0 && remain > 0)
-      {
-        switch (oldops[o])
-        {
-          case M:
-            if (rlength > remain)
-            {
-              addDeleted(remain);
-              deleted += remain;
-            }
-            else
-            {
-              deleted += rlength;
-              addDeleted(rlength);
-              if (remain - rlength > 0)
-              {
-                this.addOperation(M, remain - rlength); // add remaining back.
-              }
-              rlength = 0;
-              remain = 0;
-            }
-            break;
-          case I:
-            if (remain - rlength > 0)
-            {
-              // only remove some gaps
-              addInsertion(remain - rlength);
-              rlength = 0;
-            }
-            break;
-          case D:
-            throw new Error("Implementation error."); // do nothing;
-          default:
-            throw new Error("Implementation Error! Unknown operation '" +
-                            oldops[o] + "'");
-        }
-        rlength -= remain;
-        remain = oldrange[++o]; // number of op characters left to edit
-      }
-    }
-    // add remaining
-    while (o < oldlen)
-    {
-      addOperation(oldops[o], oldrange[o++]);
-    }
-    //if (cursor<(start+1)) {
-    // ran out of ops - nothing to do here ?
-    // addInsertion(start-cursor);
-    //}
-    return deleted;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Deleted regions mean that there will be discontinuous sequence numbering in the
-   * sequence returned by getSeq(char).
-   * @return true if there deletions
-   */
-  public boolean hasDeletedRegions()
-  {
-    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
-    {
-      if (operation[i] == D)
-      {
-        return true;
-      }
-    }
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * enumerate the ranges on seq that are marked as deleted in this cigar
-   * @return int[] { vis_start, sym_start, length }
-   */
-  public int[] getDeletedRegions()
-  {
-    if (length == 0)
-    {
-      return null;
-    }
-    Vector dr = new Vector();
-    int cursor = 0, vcursor = 0;
-    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
-    {
-      switch (operation[i])
-      {
-        case M:
-          cursor += range[i];
-        case I:
-          vcursor += range[i];
-          break;
-        case D:
-          dr.addElement(new int[]
-                        {vcursor, cursor, range[i]});
-          cursor += range[i];
-      }
-    }
-    if (dr.size() == 0)
-    {
-      return null;
-    }
-    int[] delregions = new int[dr.size() * 3];
-    for (int i = 0, l = dr.size(); i < l; i++)
-    {
-      int[] reg = (int[]) dr.elementAt(i);
-      delregions[i * 3] = reg[0];
-      delregions[i * 3 + 1] = reg[1];
-      delregions[i * 3 + 2] = reg[2];
-    }
-    return delregions;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * sum of ranges in cigar string
-   * @return int number of residues hidden, matched, or gaps inserted into sequence
-   */
-  public int getFullWidth()
-  {
-    int w = 0;
-    if (range != null)
-    {
-      for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
-      {
-        w += range[i];
-      }
-    }
-    return w;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Visible length of aligned sequence
-   * @return int length of including gaps and less hidden regions
-   */
-  public int getWidth()
-  {
-    int w = 0;
-    if (range != null)
-    {
-      for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
-      {
-        if (operation[i] == M || operation[i] == I)
-        {
-          w += range[i];
-        }
-      }
-    }
-    return w;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * mark a range of inserted residues
-   * @param range int
-   */
-  public void addInsertion(int range)
-  {
-    this.addOperation(I, range);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * mark the next range residues as hidden (not aligned) or deleted
-   * @param range int
-   */
-  public void addDeleted(int range)
-  {
-    this.addOperation(D, range);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Modifies operation list to delete columns from start to end (inclusive)
-   * editing will remove insertion operations, and convert matches to deletions
-   * @param start alignment column
-   * @param end alignment column
-   * @return boolean true if residues were marked as deleted.
-     public boolean deleteRange(int start, int end)
-     {
-    boolean deleted = false;
-    int op = 0, prevop = -1, firstm = -1,
-        lastm = -1, postop = -1;
-    int width = 0; // zero'th column
-    if (length > 0)
-    {
-      // find operation bracketing start of the range
-      do
-      {
-        if (operation[op] != D)
-        {
-          width += range[prevop = op];
-        }
-        op++;
-      }
-      while (op < length && width < start);
-    }
-    if (width < start)
-    {
-      // run off end - add more operations up to deletion.
-      addInsertion(start - width);
-    }
-    else
-    {
-      // edit existing operations.
-      op = prevop;
-      width -= range[prevop];
-      int[] oldrange = range;
-      char[] oldops = operation;
-      range = new int[oldrange.length];
-      operation = new char[oldops.length];
-      if (op < length)
-      {
-        do
-        {
-          if (operation[op] != D)
-          {
-            width += range[postop = op];
-          }
-          op++;
-        }
-        while (op < length && width <= end);
-      }
-    }
-    if (deleted == true)
-    {
-      addDeleted(end - start + 1);
-    }
-    return deleted;
-     }
-   */
-  /**
-   * Return an ENSEMBL style cigar string where D may indicates excluded parts of seq
-   * @return String of form ([0-9]+[IMD])+
-   */
-  public String getCigarstring()
-  {
-    StringBuffer cigarString = new StringBuffer();
-    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
-    {
-      cigarString.append("" + range[i]);
-      cigarString.append(operation[i]);
-    }
-    return cigarString.toString();
-  }
-}
+/*
+ * Jalview - A Sequence Alignment Editor and Viewer (Version 2.8.2)
+ * Copyright (C) 2014 The Jalview Authors
+ * 
+ * This file is part of Jalview.
+ * 
+ * Jalview is free software: you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License 
+ * as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *  
+ * Jalview is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but 
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty 
+ * of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 
+ * PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.
+ * 
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with Jalview.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ * The Jalview Authors are detailed in the 'AUTHORS' file.
+ */
+package jalview.datamodel;
+
+import java.util.*;
+
+public abstract class CigarBase
+{
+  /**
+   * Base class for compact idiosyncratic representation of gaps and aligned
+   * residues Regards to Tom Oldfield for his DynamicArray class. 17th July 2006
+   * Not thread safe.
+   */
+  public CigarBase()
+  {
+    // nothing to be done (probably)
+  }
+
+  protected int length = 0;
+
+  protected int _inc_length = 10; // extension range for addition of new
+
+  // operations
+
+  protected char[] operation = null;
+
+  protected int[] range = null;
+
+  /**
+   * Range of Hidden residues in seq (translated as deleted in seq)
+   */
+  public static final char D = 'D';
+
+  /**
+   * Range of insertions to seq
+   */
+  public static final char I = 'I';
+
+  /**
+   * Range of aligned residues
+   */
+  public static final char M = 'M';
+
+  static protected final char _case_shift = 'a' - 'A';
+
+  /**
+   * Ugly function to get edited sequence string, start and end symbol positions
+   * and the deletion regions as an array of int pairs May return null for an
+   * empty cigar string. May return null for deletion ranges if there are none.
+   * 
+   * @param reference
+   *          - the symbol sequence to apply the cigar operations to (or null if
+   *          no sequence)
+   * @param GapChar
+   *          - the symbol to use for Insert operations
+   * @return Object[] { String, int[] {start, startcol, end, endcol}, int[][3]
+   *         {start, end, col} or null} the gapped sequence, first and last
+   *         residue index, and the deletion ranges on the reference sequence
+   */
+  public Object[] getSequenceAndDeletions(String reference, char GapChar)
+  {
+    int rlength = 0;
+    int[][] deletions = new int[length][];
+    int[][] trunc_deletions = null;
+    StringBuffer sq = new StringBuffer();
+    int cursor = 0, alcursor = 0, start = 0, startpos = 0, end = 0, endpos = 0, delcount = -1;
+    boolean consecutive_del = false;
+    if (length == 0)
+    {
+      return null;
+    }
+    if (reference != null)
+    {
+      rlength = reference.length();
+    }
+    boolean modstart = true;
+    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
+    {
+      switch (operation[i])
+      {
+      case D:
+        if (!consecutive_del)
+        {
+          deletions[++delcount] = new int[]
+          { cursor, 0, alcursor };
+        }
+        cursor += range[i];
+        deletions[delcount][1] = cursor - 1;
+        consecutive_del = true;
+        break;
+      case I:
+        consecutive_del = false;
+        for (int r = 0; r < range[i]; r++)
+        {
+          sq.append(GapChar);
+          alcursor++;
+        }
+        break;
+      case M:
+        consecutive_del = false;
+        if (modstart)
+        {
+          start = cursor;
+          startpos = alcursor;
+          modstart = false;
+        }
+        if (reference != null)
+        {
+          int sbend = cursor + range[i];
+          if (sbend > rlength)
+          {
+            sq.append(reference.substring(cursor, rlength));
+            while (sbend-- >= rlength)
+            {
+              sq.append(GapChar);
+            }
+          }
+          else
+          {
+            sq.append(reference.substring(cursor, sbend));
+          }
+        }
+        alcursor += range[i];
+        cursor += range[i];
+        end = cursor - 1;
+        endpos = alcursor;
+        break;
+      default:
+        throw new Error("Unknown SeqCigar operation '" + operation[i] + "'");
+      }
+    }
+    if (++delcount > 0)
+    {
+      trunc_deletions = new int[delcount][];
+      System.arraycopy(deletions, 0, trunc_deletions, 0, delcount);
+    }
+    deletions = null;
+    return new Object[]
+    { ((reference != null) ? sq.toString() : null), new int[]
+    { start, startpos, end, endpos }, trunc_deletions };
+  }
+
+  protected void compact_operations()
+  {
+    int i = 1;
+    if (operation == null)
+    {
+      return;
+    }
+    char last = operation[0];
+    while (i < length)
+    {
+      if (last == operation[i])
+      {
+        range[i - 1] += range[i];
+        int r = length - i;
+        if (r > 0)
+        {
+          System.arraycopy(range, i + 1, range, i, r);
+          System.arraycopy(operation, i + 1, operation, i, r);
+        }
+        length--;
+      }
+      else
+      {
+        last = operation[i++];
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * turn a cigar string into a series of operation range pairs
+   * 
+   * @param cigarString
+   *          String
+   * @return object[] {char[] operation, int[] range}
+   * @throws java.lang.Exception
+   *           for improperly formated cigar strings or ones with unknown
+   *           operations
+   */
+  public static Object[] parseCigarString(String cigarString)
+          throws Exception
+  {
+    int ops = 0;
+    for (int i = 0, l = cigarString.length(); i < l; i++)
+    {
+      char c = cigarString.charAt(i);
+      if (c == M || c == (M - _case_shift) || c == I
+              || c == (I - _case_shift) || c == D || c == (D - _case_shift))
+      {
+        ops++;
+      }
+    }
+    char[] operation = new char[ops];
+    int[] range = new int[ops];
+    int op = 0;
+    int i = 0, l = cigarString.length();
+    while (i < l)
+    {
+      char c;
+      int j = i;
+      do
+      {
+        c = cigarString.charAt(j++);
+      } while (c >= '0' && c <= '9' && j < l);
+      if (j >= l && c >= '0' && c <= '9')
+      {
+        throw new Exception("Unterminated cigar string.");
+      }
+      try
+      {
+        String rangeint = cigarString.substring(i, j - 1);
+        range[op] = Integer.parseInt(rangeint);
+        i = j;
+      } catch (Exception e)
+      {
+        throw new Error("Implementation bug in parseCigarString");
+      }
+      if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z')
+      {
+        c -= _case_shift;
+      }
+      if ((c == M || c == I || c == D))
+      {
+        operation[op++] = c;
+      }
+      else
+      {
+        throw new Exception("Unexpected operation '" + c
+                + "' in cigar string (position " + i + " in '"
+                + cigarString + "'");
+      }
+    }
+    return new Object[]
+    { operation, range };
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * add an operation to cigar string
+   * 
+   * @param op
+   *          char
+   * @param range
+   *          int
+   */
+  public void addOperation(char op, int range)
+  {
+    if (op >= 'a' && op <= 'z')
+    {
+      op -= _case_shift;
+    }
+    if (op != M && op != D && op != I)
+    {
+      throw new Error("Implementation error. Invalid operation string.");
+    }
+    if (range == 0)
+    {
+      return; // No Operation to add.
+    }
+    if (range < 0)
+    {
+      throw new Error(
+              "Invalid range string (must be zero or positive number)");
+    }
+    int lngth = 0;
+    if (operation == null)
+    {
+      this.operation = new char[_inc_length];
+      this.range = new int[_inc_length];
+    }
+    if (length + 1 == operation.length)
+    {
+      char[] ops = this.operation;
+      this.operation = new char[length + 1 + _inc_length];
+      System.arraycopy(ops, 0, this.operation, 0, length);
+      ops = null;
+      int[] rng = this.range;
+      this.range = new int[length + 1 + _inc_length];
+      System.arraycopy(rng, 0, this.range, 0, length);
+      rng = null;
+    }
+    if ((length > 0) && (operation[length - 1] == op))
+    {
+      length--; // modify existing operation.
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      this.range[length] = 0; // reset range
+    }
+    this.operation[length] = op;
+    this.range[length++] += range;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * semi-efficient insert an operation on the current cigar string set at
+   * column pos (from 1) NOTE: Insertion operations simply extend width of cigar
+   * result - affecting registration of alignment Deletion ops will shorten
+   * length of result - and affect registration of alignment Match ops will also
+   * affect length of result - affecting registration of alignment (ie
+   * "10M".insert(4,I,3)->"4M3I3M") - (replace?) (ie
+   * "10M".insert(4,D,3)->"4M3D3M") - (shortens alignment) (ie
+   * "5I5M".insert(4,I,3)->"8I5M") - real insertion (ie
+   * "5I5M".insert(4,D,3)->"4I2D3M") - shortens aligment - I's are removed, Ms
+   * changed to Ds (ie "10M".insert(4,M,3)->"13M") - lengthens - Is changed to
+   * M, Ds changed to M. (ie "5I5M".insert(4,M,3)->"4I8M") - effectively shifts
+   * sequence left by 1 residue and extends it by 3 (
+   * "10D5M".insert(-1,M,3)->"3M7D5M") ( "10D5M".insert(0,M,3)->"7D8M") (
+   * "10D5M".insert(1,M,3)->"10D8M") ( "1M10D5M".insert(0,M,3)->"1M10D8M") (
+   * "1M10D5M".insert(1,M,3)->"
+   * 
+   * if pos is beyond width - I operations are added before the operation
+   * 
+   * @param pos
+   *          int -1, 0-length of visible region, or greater to append new ops
+   *          (with insertions in between)
+   * @param op
+   *          char
+   * @param range
+   *          int public void addOperationAt(int pos, char op, int range) { int
+   *          cursor = -1; // mark the position for the current operation being
+   *          edited. int o = 0; boolean last_d = false; // previous op was a
+   *          deletion. if (pos < -1) throw new
+   *          Error("pos<-1 is not supported."); while (o<length) { if
+   *          (operation[o] != D) { if ( (cursor + this.range[o]) < pos) {
+   *          cursor += this.range[o]; o++; last_d=false; } else { break; } }
+   *          else { last_d=true; o++; } } if (o==length) { // must insert more
+   *          operations before pos if (pos-cursor>0) addInsertion(pos-cursor);
+   *          // then just add the new operation. Regardless of what it is.
+   *          addOperation(op, range); } else { int diff = pos - cursor;
+   * 
+   *          int e_length = length-o; // new edit operation array length. //
+   *          diff<0 - can only happen before first insertion or match. -
+   *          affects op and all following // dif==0 - only when at first
+   *          position of existing op - // diff>0 - must preserve some existing
+   *          operations int[] e_range = new int[e_length];
+   *          System.arraycopy(this.range, o, e_range, 0, e_length); char[] e_op
+   *          = new char[e_length]; System.arraycopy(this.operation, o, e_op, 0,
+   *          e_length); length = o; // can now use add_operation to extend
+   *          list. int e_o=0; // current operation being edited. switch (op) {
+   *          case M: switch (e_op[e_o]) { case M: if (last_d && diff <= 0) { //
+   *          reduce D's, if possible if (range<=this.range[o-1]) { this.range[o
+   *          - 1] -= range; } else { this.range[o-1]=0; } if
+   *          (this.range[o-1]==0) o--; // lose this op. } e_range[e_o] +=
+   *          range; // just add more matched residues break; case I: // change
+   *          from insertion to match if (last_d && diff<=0) { // reduce D's, if
+   *          possible if (range<=this.range[o-1]) { this.range[o - 1] -= range;
+   *          } else { this.range[o-1]=0; } if (this.range[o-1]==0) o--; // lose
+   *          this op. } e_range[e_o] break; default: throw new Inp }
+   * 
+   *          break; case I: break; case D: } break; default: throw new
+   *          Error("Implementation Error: Unknown operation in addOperation!");
+   *          } // finally, add remaining ops. while (e_o<e_length) {
+   *          addOperation(e_op[e_o], e_range[e_o]); e_o++; } } }
+   */
+  /**
+   * Mark residues from start to end (inclusive) as deleted from the alignment,
+   * and removes any insertions.
+   * 
+   * @param start
+   *          int
+   * @param end
+   *          int
+   * @return deleted int - number of symbols marked as deleted
+   */
+  public int deleteRange(int start, int end)
+  {
+    int deleted = 0;
+    if (length == 0)
+    {
+      // nothing to do here
+      return deleted;
+    }
+    if (start < 0 || start > end)
+    {
+      throw new Error(
+              "Implementation Error: deleteRange out of bounds: start must be non-negative and less than end.");
+    }
+    // find beginning
+    int cursor = 0; // mark the position for the current operation being edited.
+    int rlength = 1 + end - start; // number of positions to delete
+    int oldlen = length;
+    int o = 0;
+    boolean editing = false;
+    char[] oldops = operation;
+    int[] oldrange = range;
+    length = 0;
+    operation = null;
+    range = null;
+    compact_operations();
+    while (o < oldlen && cursor <= end && rlength > 0)
+    {
+      if (oldops[o] == D)
+      {
+        // absorbed into new deleted region.
+        addDeleted(oldrange[o++]);
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      int remain = oldrange[o]; // number of op characters left to edit
+      if (!editing)
+      {
+        if ((cursor + remain) <= start)
+        {
+          addOperation(oldops[o], oldrange[o]);
+          cursor += oldrange[o++];
+          continue; // next operation
+        }
+        editing = true;
+        // add operations before hidden region
+        if (start - cursor > 0)
+        {
+          addOperation(oldops[o], start - cursor);
+          remain -= start - cursor;
+        }
+      }
+      // start inserting new ops
+      if (o < oldlen && editing && rlength > 0 && remain > 0)
+      {
+        switch (oldops[o])
+        {
+        case M:
+          if (rlength > remain)
+          {
+            addDeleted(remain);
+            deleted += remain;
+          }
+          else
+          {
+            deleted += rlength;
+            addDeleted(rlength);
+            if (remain - rlength > 0)
+            {
+              this.addOperation(M, remain - rlength); // add remaining back.
+            }
+            rlength = 0;
+            remain = 0;
+          }
+          break;
+        case I:
+          if (remain - rlength > 0)
+          {
+            // only remove some gaps
+            addInsertion(remain - rlength);
+            rlength = 0;
+          }
+          break;
+        case D:
+          throw new Error("Implementation error."); // do nothing;
+        default:
+          throw new Error("Implementation Error! Unknown operation '"
+                  + oldops[o] + "'");
+        }
+        rlength -= remain;
+        remain = oldrange[++o]; // number of op characters left to edit
+      }
+    }
+    // add remaining
+    while (o < oldlen)
+    {
+      addOperation(oldops[o], oldrange[o++]);
+    }
+    // if (cursor<(start+1)) {
+    // ran out of ops - nothing to do here ?
+    // addInsertion(start-cursor);
+    // }
+    return deleted;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Deleted regions mean that there will be discontinuous sequence numbering in
+   * the sequence returned by getSeq(char).
+   * 
+   * @return true if there deletions
+   */
+  public boolean hasDeletedRegions()
+  {
+    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
+    {
+      if (operation[i] == D)
+      {
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * enumerate the ranges on seq that are marked as deleted in this cigar
+   * 
+   * @return int[] { vis_start, sym_start, length }
+   */
+  public int[] getDeletedRegions()
+  {
+    if (length == 0)
+    {
+      return null;
+    }
+    Vector dr = new Vector();
+    int cursor = 0, vcursor = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
+    {
+      switch (operation[i])
+      {
+      case M:
+        cursor += range[i];
+      case I:
+        vcursor += range[i];
+        break;
+      case D:
+        dr.addElement(new int[]
+        { vcursor, cursor, range[i] });
+        cursor += range[i];
+      }
+    }
+    if (dr.size() == 0)
+    {
+      return null;
+    }
+    int[] delregions = new int[dr.size() * 3];
+    for (int i = 0, l = dr.size(); i < l; i++)
+    {
+      int[] reg = (int[]) dr.elementAt(i);
+      delregions[i * 3] = reg[0];
+      delregions[i * 3 + 1] = reg[1];
+      delregions[i * 3 + 2] = reg[2];
+    }
+    return delregions;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * sum of ranges in cigar string
+   * 
+   * @return int number of residues hidden, matched, or gaps inserted into
+   *         sequence
+   */
+  public int getFullWidth()
+  {
+    int w = 0;
+    if (range != null)
+    {
+      for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
+      {
+        w += range[i];
+      }
+    }
+    return w;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Visible length of aligned sequence
+   * 
+   * @return int length of including gaps and less hidden regions
+   */
+  public int getWidth()
+  {
+    int w = 0;
+    if (range != null)
+    {
+      for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
+      {
+        if (operation[i] == M || operation[i] == I)
+        {
+          w += range[i];
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    return w;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * mark a range of inserted residues
+   * 
+   * @param range
+   *          int
+   */
+  public void addInsertion(int range)
+  {
+    this.addOperation(I, range);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * mark the next range residues as hidden (not aligned) or deleted
+   * 
+   * @param range
+   *          int
+   */
+  public void addDeleted(int range)
+  {
+    this.addOperation(D, range);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Modifies operation list to delete columns from start to end (inclusive)
+   * editing will remove insertion operations, and convert matches to deletions
+   * 
+   * @param start
+   *          alignment column
+   * @param end
+   *          alignment column
+   * @return boolean true if residues were marked as deleted. public boolean
+   *         deleteRange(int start, int end) { boolean deleted = false; int op =
+   *         0, prevop = -1, firstm = -1, lastm = -1, postop = -1; int width =
+   *         0; // zero'th column if (length > 0) { // find operation bracketing
+   *         start of the range do { if (operation[op] != D) { width +=
+   *         range[prevop = op]; } op++; } while (op < length && width < start);
+   *         } if (width < start) { // run off end - add more operations up to
+   *         deletion. addInsertion(start - width); } else { // edit existing
+   *         operations. op = prevop; width -= range[prevop]; int[] oldrange =
+   *         range; char[] oldops = operation; range = new int[oldrange.length];
+   *         operation = new char[oldops.length]; if (op < length) { do { if
+   *         (operation[op] != D) { width += range[postop = op]; } op++; } while
+   *         (op < length && width <= end); } } if (deleted == true) {
+   *         addDeleted(end - start + 1); } return deleted; }
+   */
+  /**
+   * Return an ENSEMBL style cigar string where D may indicates excluded parts
+   * of seq
+   * 
+   * @return String of form ([0-9]+[IMD])+
+   */
+  public String getCigarstring()
+  {
+    StringBuffer cigarString = new StringBuffer();
+    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
+    {
+      cigarString.append("" + range[i]);
+      cigarString.append(operation[i]);
+    }
+    return cigarString.toString();
+  }
+}